Current date french revolutionary calendar

Year 11 coins typically have a XI date to avoid confusion with the Roman II.

Many show the year ( French: an) in Arabic numbers, although Roman numerals were used on some issues. The establishment of the Republic was used as the epochal date for the calendar therefore, the calendar commemorates the Republic, not the Revolution.Р”Р‡rench coins of the period naturally used this calendar. The decree of 2 January 1793 stipulated that the year II of the Republic began on 1 January 1793 this was revoked with the introduction of the new calendar, which set 22 September 1793 as the beginning of year II. This usage was modified on 22 September 1792 when the Republic was proclaimed and the Convention decided that all public documents would be dated Year I of the French Republic. After some hesitation the assembly decided on 2 January 1792 that all official documents would use the 'era of Liberty' and that the year IV of Liberty started on 1 January 1792. Originally, the choice of epoch was either 1 January 1789 or 14 July 1789.

It was in 1792, with the practical problem of dating financial transactions, that the legislative assembly was confronted with the problem of the calendar. Immediately following 14 July 1789, papers and pamphlets started calling 1789 year I of Liberty and the following years II and III. There was initially a debate as to whether the calendar should celebrate the Great Revolution, which began in July 1789, or the Republic, which was established in 1792. In France, it is known as the calendrier rР“В©publicain as well as the calendrier rР“В©volutionnaire. The calendar is frequently named the 'French Revolutionary Calendar' because it was created during the Revolution, but this is a slight misnomer. It is because of his position as rapporteur of the commission that the creation of the republican calendar is attributed to Romme. As the rapporteur of the commission, Charles-Gilbert Romme presented the new calendar to the Jacobin-controlled National Convention on 23 September 1793, which adopted it on 24 October 1793 and also extended it proleptically to its epoch of 22 September 1792. They associated with their work the chemist Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau, the mathematician and astronomer Joseph-Louis Lagrange, the astronomer Joseph JР“В©rР“Т‘me LefranР“В§ois de Lalande, the mathematician Gaspard Monge, the astronomer and naval geographer Alexandre Guy PingrР“В©, and the poet, actor and playwright Fabre d'Р“вЂ°glantine, who invented the names of the months, with the help of AndrР“В© Thouin, gardener at the Jardin des Plantes of the MusР“В©um National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris. The new calendar was created by a commission under the direction of the politician Charles-Gilbert Romme seconded by Claude Joseph Ferry and Charles-FranР“В§ois Dupuis. Natural constants, multiples of ten, and Latin as well as Ancient Greek derivations formed the fundamental blocks from which the new systems were built. Amid nostalgia for the ancient Roman Republic, the theories of the Enlightenment were at their peak, and the devisers of the new systems looked to nature for their inspiration. The new Republican government sought to institute, among other reforms, a new social and legal system, a new system of weights and measures (which became the metric system), and a new calendar. The days of the French Revolution and Republic saw many efforts to sweep away various trappings of the Ancien RР“В©gime (the old feudal monarchy) some of these were more successful than others. History EditР”Р„ copy of the French Republican Calendar in the Historical Museum of Lausanne Later editions of the almanac would switch to the Republican Calendar. Individual days were assigned, instead of to the traditional saints, to noteworthy people. (The months of September through December are already numeric names, although their meanings do not match their positions in either the Julian or the Gregorian calendar since the Romans added the months January and February to the original ten-month March-to-December year of King Romulus.) The lengths of the months are the same as those in the Gregorian calendar however, the 10th, 20th, and 30th days are singled out of each month as the end of a dР“В©cade (group of ten days). The first month in the almanac is 'Mars, ou Princeps' (March, or First), the last month is 'FР“В©vrier, ou DuodР“В©cembre' (February, or Twelfth). The prominent anticlerical atheist Sylvain MarР“В©chal published the first edition of his Almanach des HonnР“Р„tes-gens (Almanac of Honest People) in 1788.

Current date french revolutionary calendar